The eastern ghats are made up of charnockites, granite gneiss, khondalites, metamorphic gneisses and quartzite rock formations. Jan 30, 2020 here we have provided biodiversity hotspot in india. The eastern ghat belt, geologically commonly referred to as the eastern ghat mobile belt egmb, expose granulite facies rocks over a curvilinear stretch of. Photos shown in these pdf files are taken from public downloadable photos in flickr. The authors k thulsi rao, n sai bhaskar reddy and c. Differentiate between the difference between the western ghats and the eastern ghats upsc notes. It plays important role in modulating climate, fostering. Relevant facts about western ghats and eastern ghats for upsc. Figure 1 shows the panoramic view of eastern ghats, india. The component hills of eastern ghats of tamil nadu region are the javadu.
Eastern ghats include nallamalais, yerramalais, palakonda, velikonda, seshachalam and kambakkam hills whose average elevation is 750 m. Sep 20, 2009 temperature and pressure of calcsilicate granulite rocks from the eastern ghats where three phases of metamorphism are recorded in the time range 1. Structure of the nagavali shear zone, eastern ghats mobile belt. Coastal plains of india definition, examples, diagrams. Land use and climate change impacts on distribution of plant. Harish ahuja indian institute of technology bombay. Ethno medicinal plants used by jatapu women in eastern. Download full the ethnobotany of eastern ghats in andhra pradesh india book or read online anytime anywhere, available in pdf, epub and kindle. Tectonic evolution of the eastern ghats belt, india.
The eastern ghats along the peninsular india are divisible into three zones, the northern eastern ghats, the middle and the southern ghats rao,1998. The report said the degradation of the eastern ghats, which began a. While bastar, telengana and karnataka plateaus including the tamil nadu uplands lie on the west of these ghats, the eastern side is an extensive coastal area. The eastern ghats belt a polycyclic granulite terrain. A policy framework for connectivity conservation and smart green linear infrastructure development in the central indian and eastern ghats tiger landscape. The western ghats is a source of many large rivers which flow in peninsular india. The sinapalli nappe is the lowermost nappe and rests over a tectonic contact on the archean granites and gneisses of the. The book eastern ghats environment outlook focuses on the. The variety of habitat types from moist evergreen forest to dry scrub jungles supports a myriad of bird species. The eastern ghats is of broken and isolated hills of the deccan plateau, unlike the continuous mountain range of western ghats of the southwestern india chettri and bhupathy, 2010. Scientists discovered new species of gecko in the eastern ghats in northern andhra pradesh in few areas in northern mahendragiri range and scattered coastal hills in northern andhra pradesh. Scientists discovered new species of gecko in eastern ghats. Taxonomic diversity of lianas in tropical forests of. Ethno medicinal plants used by jatapu women in eastern ghats.
Of the estimated 3,200 flowering plant taxa, there are 528 tree taxa under 271 genera belonging to 80 families sandhyarani, et al. Create free account to access unlimited books, fast download and ads free. The principal rock types are diatexitic pelitic gneiss fig. But the eastern ghats runs in a northeast to a southwest direction parallel to the eastern coast from orissa to the nilgiri hills. They are eroded and cut through by four major rivers of peninsular india, viz. Attenuated tree species diversity in humanimpacted. The five states that the ghats encompass tamil nadu, andhra pradesh, telangana, karnataka and odisha should prepare an action plan to protect and conserve their ecology and natural resources, the greens alliance for conservation continue reading. The mahanadi basin marks the northern boundary for this range while the southern limit is flanked by nilgiri hills.
Tectonic evolution of the eastern ghats belt, india request pdf. The ethnobotany of eastern ghats in andhra pradesh india. The eastern ghats are a series of discontinuous hill ranges that extend from sirumalai hills, running nearly 1500 km northeast to up to kondmal hills m. Regeneration of many tree species was observed to be poor. All the historically and culturally significant mountains of the eastern ghats should be declared unesco cultural heritage sites. The two ranges run roughly parallel to the bay of bengal and arabian sea coasts, respectively, from which they are separated by strips of fairly level coastal land. Feb 05, 2018 the ghats, which mean western and eastern ghats, are two mountain ranges forming the eastern and western edges, respectively, of the deccan plateau of peninsular india. In the last section the eastern ghats run in a westsouthwest direction meeting the western ghats in the nilagiris. Studies showed that ban aalu local name of dioscorea in eastern ghats with antioxidant and nutritive content not only enrich the diet of the local rural and tribal people but also make them healthy due to its ethnobotanical values. Scientists discovered new species of gecko in the eastern. The geology and general climatic conditions of this region have been outlined in foregoing chapters. Isric soiltype data of 250 m resolution hengl et al. The volume looks at the ethnic diversity, ethnobotany, ethnomedicine, ethnoveterinary medicine, and ethnic food of the region.
With chapters written by experts in the field, the book provides. More than 400 species of birds have been reported for the entire eastern ghats. The northern eastern ghats landscape of southern india has extensive tropical forests. March 29, 2021 indian express epaper pdf free download 29th march 2021. The plateau is rich in minerals like coal and ironore. The structure of the eastern ghats includes thrusts and strikeslip faults all along its range. Eastern ghats and adjacent deccan, the first of a fivevolume set, provides an informative overview of humanplant interrelationships in this southern area of india. The eastern ghats harbour primarily tropical moist deciduous vegetation, which represents species of high economic, timber, medicinal eastern ghats are highly significant in terms of its biodiversity.
Download the notes on western ghats pdf provided at the end of the article. Eastern ghats, recommend that further studies be carried out in the india. This range is not continuous and is lower in elevation when compared to western ghats. The sampling points are found across the four states where the plants are monitored regularly. They are aligned in northeast to southwest direction. The eastern ghats are a discontinuous range of mountains along indias eastern coast. The eastern ghats, a rugged, hilly terrain running almost parallel to eastern coast of india, constitutes the watershed of many big rivers. The western ghats, known in india as the sahyadri hills, are a 160,000 sq. The eastern ghats run from the northern odisha through andhra pradesh to tamil nadu in the south passing some parts of karnataka as well as telangana.
New locality record of yellow collared wolf snake lycodon. Medicinal pteridophytes of sitheri hills, eastern ghats. Such data are necessary for ecosystem conservation of the understudied eastern ghats, as extensive forests here have already been converted to coffee and. Eastern ghats due to its further inland location and lower height than western ghats, is much drier and supports an impoverished biota m. Attenuated tree species diversity in humanimpacted tropical. But eastern ghats width varying from 100 to 200 km. This hill lies between 78 35 and 79 35 east longitude and 12 24 and 12 55 north latitude with an area of 2405 square km.
Ethnobotanical values of dioscorea species available in. Jul 09, 2020 a few months back, members of grace who were a part of the expedition brought out a book titled eastern ghats environment outlook. Eastern ghats is mountain range running in eastern part of indian peninsula parallel to bay of bengal. Proceedings of the national seminar on the faunal diversity of eastern ghats organized by the zoological survey of india, southern regional centre, chennai600 028. Upsc current affairs top 50 current affairs download pdf.
Pdf the ethnobotany of eastern ghats in andhra pradesh. Relevant facts about western ghats and eastern ghats for. Declare eastern ghats unesco cultural heritage sites, say. They are continuous and can be crossed through passes only. Osumilitemelt interactions in ultrahigh temperature. The eastern ghats is spread across odisha, andhra pradesh, karnataka and tamil nadu. Download highresolution version of the report titled volume 1. The eastern ghats pass through odisha, andhra pradesh to tamil nadu. Ghats, two mountain ranges forming the eastern and western edges, respectively, of the deccan plateau of peninsular india. Ancient terrane boundaries as probable seismic hazards. Faunal diversity of nallamalai hill ranges of eastern ghats. Sahyadri or western ghats definition western ghats lie parallel to the western coast.
The northwestern part of the eastern ghats mobile belt comprises a fold thrust belt consisting of a stack of northwesterly verging nappes that have been thrust over the bhandara craton. Pdf conservation status of forests and wildlife in the eastern. An attempt is made here to present a broad picture of the characteristic vegetation and phytogeographical peculiarities of the eastern ghats. Giridhar editorial in this issue of the eastern ghats newsletter an article deals with the biodiversity and cultural aspects of mahendragiri, in eastern ghats of india. Although this difficulty has been reduced in the present times due to the advanced. Oct 05, 2020 investigation on medicinal properties and nutritional values of higher plants were commonly reported but often neglected the pteridophytes. Pdf the eastern ghats egs comprise a chain of ancient low hills in the state of andhra pradesh adjoining the east. There are a few questions that are frequently asked about the western ghats.
The collection site of lycodon flavicollis is located in seshachalam hill ranges. Distribution pattern, zoogeographic similarities and. At present he is working as ajcb pdf at central national herbarium, botanical survey of india, kolkatta since june 2017. Jan 01, 2014 in the eastern part of the indian shield, late paleozoicmesozoic sedimentary rocks of the talchir basin lie precisely along a contact of neoproterozoic age between granulites of the eastern ghats mobile belt egmb and amphibolite facies rocks of the rengali province.
Major shear zones in the eastern ghats belt after chetty, 2001. Eastern ghats cover an area of 75000 sq km of the indian peninsular. Limestone, bauxite and iron ore are found in the eastern ghats hill ranges. Javadhu hills is one of the natural bio reserves of eastern ghats, tamil nadu, india. They extend from the mahanadi valley in the north, towards the niligiri hills in the south where they join the western ghats. They are eroded and cut through by the four major rivers of southern india, the godavari, mahanadi, krishna, and kaveri. The western ghats are higher than the eastern ghats and their average elevation is 9001600 metres. Eastern ghat is discontinuous and lowheight mountain ranges 2. The early neoproterozoic detritus was likely derived from the eastern ghats 990900 ma in eastern india bhowmik et al. Assessment of tree diversity in tropical deciduous forests of. Tree flora in eastern ghats of southern peninsular india. The western ghats want a call from us give your mobile number below, for any contentservice related issues please contact on this number. Central eastern ghats constitute rich tree species diversity and as well.
Eastern ghats are highly significant in terms of its biodiversity. What does the study reveal about the threats to species. Differentiate between the western and the eastern ghats. Despite the rich flora in and around sitheri, study on their medicinal uses were limited. Why do the western ghats receive more rain than the. Rivers like krishna, kaveri, mahanadi, godavari erode eastern ghats 3. Eastern ghat belt chapter 3 crustal evolution and metallogeny in. Difference between the western ghats and the eastern ghats upsc notes. Click get books and find your favorite books in the online library. Tree wealth of eastern ghats of andhra pradesh, india. The book eastern ghats environment outlook focuses on. The expert series on covid19 download pdf declare eastern ghats unesco cultural heritage sites, say environmental groups.
Apr 03, 2016 the eastern ghats is the homeland for many buddhist ruins from orissa to south andhra. Here, a brief explanation on why do the western ghats receive more rain than the eastern ghats, which is very useful for the competitive examinations like upscprelims, ssc. While the western ghats ar e almost continuous, the easter n ghats are broken and uneven figure 7. The important facts about eastern ghats for upsc are given in the table below. The topic, western ghats comes under geography syllabus of civil services examination. The proterozoic eastern ghats mobile belt along the east coast of india shares a thrusted lower. Ethno medicinal plants used by jatapu women in eastern ghats of andhra. Since they are continuous without any major breaks, hence it is very difficult to pass through them. Origin of graphite, and temperature of metamorphism in. In total 454 species under 243 genera and 78 families are endemic to eastern ghats. An ngo based in visakhapatnam with an objective to conserve the biodiversity of the eastern ghats hill ranges.
A k ghosh biodiversity of eastern ghats and western ghats. The lithology, structure, metamorphism and stratigraphy of the granite gneisses, charnoekite series, khondalite series and. Net primary productivity estimation of eastern ghats using. Orchids of eastern ghats india scientific publishers. Plant diversity in tropical deciduous forests of eastern ghats, india. These are a continuous range running parallel to the west coast of india from the tapi valley to kanyakumari. In hindi ghat means river landing stairs or mountain pass and has been extended in its anglicized. This constitutes the major part of egb and includes the wkz, the cmz and the ekz, i.
The vegetation and phytogeography of the eastern ghats. Effects of landscape change on mammals in eastern ghats, india. The eastern edge of the nilgiri, anamalai, and palni hills are also parts of the eastern ghats. The eastern ghats a discontinuous range of mountains along the eastern coast of india. A policy framework for connectivity conservation and smart green linear infrastructure development in the central indian and eastern ghats tiger landscape download the report in pdf format. Why do the western ghats receive more rain than the eastern. The range runs through indian states of west bengal, orissa, andhra pradesh and tamil nadu. The eastern ghats constitue an important bio geographic region in the indian region and is a major center of plant diversity with a high endemism. Of the estimated 3,200 flowering plant taxa, there are about.
The eastern ghats run from west bengal state in the north, through orissa and andhra pradesh to tamil nadu in the south. Plant biodiversity and conservation of tropical semievergreen forest. A total of 210 grids were sampled in study area and. Kseeb sslc class 10 geography solutions chapter 2 indian. Foldthrustbelt structure of the proterozoic eastern ghats mobile. To the west of the western ghats and the east of eastern ghats lie the. The western ghats or sahyadris border the plateau in the west and the eastern ghats provide the eastern boundary. Javadi hills, palconda range, nallamala hills, mahendragiri hills make some of the important. Plant diversity, population structure, eastern ghat, india. Eastern ghats being home to many plant species, this fragmentation and destruction can pose a serious threat to the endemic plants. Ranging from orissa, andhra pradesh to karnataka and tamil nadu, the eastern ghats are spread over an area of about 75,000 sq. Eastern ghats and adjacent deccan, the first of a fivevolume set, provides an informative overview of humanplant interrelation. Four 2ha contiguous permanent plots were erected, one each in perumakkai shola site ps, vengodai shola vs, kuzhivalavu shola ks and mottukkadu shola ms at, 1050, 1200 and 1250 m elevation, with increasing human disturbance, to.
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